Fluid coursework Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2250 words

Fluid coursework - Essay Example Increase in velocity of the fluid leads to decrease of the pressure exerted by the fluid. The equation defines is the relationship between the velocity of the fluid that is flowing in the pipe and the cross sectional area of this pipe. As the radius of the pipe decreases the velocity of the flowing fluid will increase and vice-versa. Fluid flow through a pipe will be used to study the Bernoulli Effect under specific requirements and constrictions. There will be calculations, results tables and plotted graphs that will be analyzed to arrive at the Bernoulli equation. The experiment requires a Bernoulli tube, Hydraulic bench, Stop watch and the venturi meter. To calculate the mass flow rate, the fluid weight which is 10 kilograms will be divided on the time of each pattern of flow in seconds. The resulting value will be divided on the on 1000 which is the density of the water to get the volumetric flow rate. Slow flow rate: The time calculated is 49.12 seconds, the weight of fluid is 10 kilograms, therefore mass rate= (10/49.2). To obtain the volumetric rate, the resulting value will be divided on 1000 which is the density of water, therefore volumetric rate = 0.000203583 Medium flow rate: The time calculated is 32 seconds, the weight of fluid is 10 kilograms, therefore mass rate= (10/32). To obtain the volumetric rate, the resulting value will be divided on 1000 which is the density of water, therefore volumetric rate = 0.000313 Full flow rate: The time calculated is 29.05seconds, the weight of fluid is 10 kilograms, therefore mass rate= (10/29.05) To obtain the volumetric rate, the resulting value will be divided on 1000 which is the density of water, therefore volumetric rate = 0.000344 The ideal results that should be obtained is the constant values for the total head as Bernoulli equation stated, but there are few

Madness through king lear Essay Example for Free

Madness through king lear Essay In the 17th Century, madness was still a relatively new concept. Many people believed it was due to a person being possessed, which resulted in madness often being linked back to black magic and witchcraft. In context, the public would frequently visit Bedlam Hospital to enjoy the spectacle of a madmans behaviour thus, Renaissance dramatists typically used mad scenes for a comical effect. In spite of this, Shakespeare seems intent on a serious, if not slightly disturbing, portrayal of madness in King Lear. Throughout the play King Lear, we bear witness to Lears gradual and possibly inevitable descent into madness. As early as Act I Scene 1 we, as the audience, observe early signs of the kings insanity, albeit political at this point, we are alarmed at Lears decision to break up his state. Especially through the means he wishes to do so, his love-test is foolish and egotistical, as is his desire to be treated as an important, royal personage after he has given away his kingdom. It is fair to say that all through Act I Scene 1 Lear shows many times that he most concerned with appearances. Seemingly his love-test is going to plan, as Goneril and Regan extravagantly pledge their love and allegiance to their father, this is until Cordelia refuses to comply with Lears love-test, answering I love your Majesty according to my bond, no more, no less. simply meaning that Cordelia loves her father as a daughter should. Lear, in his blissful ignorance, cannot see past Goneril and Regans elaborate speeches and instead feels humiliated by his youngest daughters unadorned answer. As a result, he disowns her and banishes her, Cordelia then departs to France. We can see Lear is already losing control as he goes to strike his faithful advisor Kent and banishes him also, all because Kent questioned the Lears actions. As a consequence of Lears vituperative temper and his irrational, insane, actions he leaves himself powerless and at the mercy of his two eldest daughters, with neither his loyal advisor nor his devoted youngest daughter to protect him from what is to proceed. As the play progresses, we can see that the kings identity is gradually becoming unbeknown to him when he asks the question Who is there that can tell me who I am? 1, we can see that Lear is slowly losing his wits. Lears speeches become increasingly disjointed as he becomes more distressed, hinting at the madness that will overtake him later in the play. He is becoming progressively isolated due to his fragile mental state, thus, through Lear the idea of madness could be seen as being presented as vulnerability. In Act II, Lears changes of moods and tones indicate his escalating mental instability. His foolishness persists as he insists he will stay with the daughter that allows him to keep the most knights; there is desperation in his confrontation with his dog-hearted daughters. Eventually, the beleaguered kings rages become signs of impotence, not authority, emphasising the fact that the patriarchs insanity has left him powerless and increasingly vulnerable. When the storm starts we recognise that Lears fear that he would go mad, first voiced in Act I Scene 4, has been realised. The storm serves as a metaphor for Lears and Englands plight, his speeches establish and reflect properties of the storm. Through the storm, Lears madness is presented as destructive as his speeches are full of anger and distress, as the mad king moves swiftly from one topic to another. The violence of the imagery that the king employs reflects his state of mind. It is easy to see how Lears insanity could be viewed as destructive; he has caused his kingdoms predicament through his rash actions at the beginning of the play, he has divided his family through his egotism and in his mad rages he often behaves like a scorned child using invective language. However, all this considered, Shakespeare also presents Lears madness as pitiful. Due to his madness Lear confronts his failings: as a father and a ruler. He shows compassion to the characters that have helped him i. e. the Fool, Kent/Caious and Poor Tom. Even when Lear starts to regain his wits, we sympathise with the king as with his new clarity of vision brings with it distress and much regret. These are not the facts that make us truly pity Lear; it is the reality that wisdom came too late. Jesters were often kept by the monarch to provide witty analysis of contemporary behaviour and to remind the sovereign of his humanity; Lears Fool certainly fulfils these functions for his master. At first glance, the Fools professional madness is rendered as comical, his seemingly asinine jests often lighten the tone and provide some much needed moments of relief, the Fools flippant remark about Poor Toms clothing is a good example of him lightening the tone of a distressing scene. However, through the Fools professional insanity Shakespeare presents a hidden wisdom. Lears Fool is all-licensed which essentially means that the Fool is licensed to say things to his superior that anybody else would be punished for. Taking this, and the fact that Lear and his Fool seem to have a very close relationship (the Fool calling Lear nuncle and Lear calling the Fool boy), throughout the time the Fool exists in the play he is able to counsel Lear. The Fools sarcastic jesting is blunt and hard hitting. Almost as soon as the Fool enters in the play he harps on Lears folly, this is apparent when the king asks Dost thou call me fool, boy? to which the Fool replies All thy other titles thou hast given away; that thou wast born with2. Through the Fools madness he serves to push Lear towards the truth about his daughters this is evident when he warns Lear that Regan will side with Goneril, Shalt see thy other daughter will use kindly; for though shes as like this crabs like an apple, yet I can tell what I can tell3. And again when he hints at the dangerous situation Lear has put himself in by reversing the natural order, making his daughters his mother, The hedge-sparrow fed the cuckoo so long that it had it head bit off by it young4 this is clearly warning the king that his daughters will turn against him. Furthermore, the Fool also tries to open the kings eyes so that he can see these truths on his own, Thou shouldst not have been old till thou hadst been wise5, as well as have some insight as to why these events are occurring. The third character in question is that of Edgar / Poor Tom. Edgar, Gloucesters legitimate son, is introduced as being a passive, credulous dupe upon whom Edmunds6 devious practices ride easy. We are only given a succinct introduction of Edgar before Shakespeare haves him disguise himself as Poor Tom. In the days of Shakespeare, Bedlam hospital housed the mentally ill. When they were released Bedlam inmates were allowed to go begging for survival; this is what Edgar has been reduced to by his gullible father and his brothers trickery. My face Ill grime with filth, blanket my loins. Elf all my hairs in knots, and with presented nakedness outface the winds and persecutions of the sky7 the fact that Edgar has to disguise himself as a Bedlam beggar, wandering the countryside in nothing but a loin cloth in order to preserve his life, presents to us his vulnerability and the sheer desperation of his feigned madness. Initially, Edgar is presented as a seemingly lucid character yet, as the plot unfolds we see he has many purposes within the play. Shakespeare uses Edgars alias Poor Tom to provide some comical relief as the plot thickens as some of his antics and ramblings can prove to be amusing gibberish. However, in contrast, Poor Toms erratic breathless craziness in Act III Scene iv increases the pathos infinitely. A prime example of this would be when he (Edgar / Poor Tom) says that a foul fiend laid knives under his pillow and halters in this pew, set ratsbane by his porridge, indicating towards suicide, this speech reflects Edgars fragile state of mind and, although fake, his madness is distressing to the audience. We are reminded of Edgars humanity in Act III Scene vi (the mock trail scene) as he listens to Lears lunatic agony, his act as Poor Tom momentarily breaks down at Bless thy five wits this in turn is another moment in which Edgars caricature increases the pathos of a scene. Furthermore, I feel that Shakespeare is using Edgar / Poor Toms situation to mirror Lears. Similarly to the besieged king, Edgar is now reliant on charity and he has also had his world and expectations turned upside down. Edgars assumed madness indicates towards Lears eventual submission to complete insanity in Act III, through Poor Tom we glimpse what Lear will be reduced to. Madness is portrayed in different ways through these characters: professional, feigned and genuine insanity. Nonetheless, the idea of madness is presented as purposeful, almost like a journey, for all three of the characters in question. Edgars pilgrimage through his contrived madness serves the obvious purpose of preserving his life. The preservation of Edgars life enables him to guide his father but ultimately through his madness his valour is awakened allowing him to play the role of avenger at the end of the play. However, Edgars madness also serves a purpose to the principle protagonist, Lear, as it is noticeable that on the heath Edgars presence as his caricature Poor Tom aids Lear, as through interactions with Poor Tom the kings humanity and understanding increase. The Fools professional jesting provides some much needed moments of relief. In spite of his comic role, the Fools main purpose within King Lear is to, in essence, be Lears conscience. In other words, he bestows the king with truth and reason throughout the turbulent situations that occur during his, the Fools, time in the play. Due to the fact that he is all-licensed, and also has a close relationship with the king, he can inform and criticise Lear for his mistakes without being punished for it, this permits him to counsel Lear. Lear eventually gains the insight he needs to perceive his daughters and society for what it really is, insincere and immoral. The Fools abrupt disappearance signifies that Lear has gained all the understanding he needs to distinguish between and reality. Therefore, the Fool is no longer needed: his purpose has been fulfilled. Unlike Edgar or the Fool, Lears madness is not an imminent occurrence, it develops throughout the play. The insanity of the king is unequivocally ironic, in his apparent sanity he was introduced to be conceited and imprudent, yet when he is mad he becomes a more humble, compassionate and attractive character. At the beginning of the play Lear acts exceptionally irrational and cannot see the verity of his superficial values but as a result of his madness he demonstrates an increasingly sincere, tolerant side to his nature. Attributable to his intensifying humility he is able to recognise his wrong doings as a leader and a father thus, the kings madness redeems him as he learns the value of true emotion and is able to consider the sufferings of those close to him. Consequently, this enables Lear to reconcile with his beloved daughter Cordelia. In conclusion, the madness of King Lear is deeply distressing, it develops from and points back to the kings instability.

Mathematics of Telescopes :: Math

Missing Figures A Brief History of Telescopes Although telescopes has been around for several hundreds of years, there has been great discrepancy as to who invented it first. Here is one authors opinion. Lippershey was a Dutch spectacle marker during the early 17th century (approximately 1600). He was one of the first who created the "looker" (now called telescope) by placing two pieces of lenses together. The discovery that placing lenses together can magnify images were made by children who took Lippershey's spectacles and looked at a distant church tower. One of the most influential scientist associated with the telescope has to be Galileo. He took the design and reinvented the telescope into one of the first refractive telescopes we use to this day. Galileo used this great invention to report astronomical facts such as the moon is cover with craters instead of being smooth, the Milky Way is composed of millions of stars, and Jupiter have four moons. Perhaps the most famous discovery is the Earth revolves around the Sun and the Earth is not the center of the universe (even though he was discredited at the time). Newton was also involved with telescopes. After his growing interest with light bending, he applied his knowledge of the reflecting and refracting properties of light and invented the first reflective telescopes. Newton's reflective telescopes vastly improve the clarity of images as well as escaping from chromatic abberration. In order to fully understand the concepts and ideas of how a telescopes work, some knowledge of simple optics are required. Some Simple Optics Refraction Refraction occurs when light travels from one medium crosses a boundary and enters another medium of different properties. For example, light traveling from air to water. The amount of refraction (or bending) can be calculated using Snell's Law. Refractor How Refractor Telescopes Work The principle behind the refractive telescopes is the use of two glass lenses (objective lens and eyepiece lens) to gather and bend parallel light rays in a certain way so that the image fits the size of the eye's pupil. Light rays is gather through the opening of the telescope called the aperture and passes through the objective lens and refracts onto a single point called the focal point. From there the light rays continue the same direction until it hits the eyepiece lens which also refract the light back into parallel rays. During the process, the image that enters our eyes is actually reverse of the original image and magnified because the size in which we preceive the image. Mathematics of Telescopes :: Math Missing Figures A Brief History of Telescopes Although telescopes has been around for several hundreds of years, there has been great discrepancy as to who invented it first. Here is one authors opinion. Lippershey was a Dutch spectacle marker during the early 17th century (approximately 1600). He was one of the first who created the "looker" (now called telescope) by placing two pieces of lenses together. The discovery that placing lenses together can magnify images were made by children who took Lippershey's spectacles and looked at a distant church tower. One of the most influential scientist associated with the telescope has to be Galileo. He took the design and reinvented the telescope into one of the first refractive telescopes we use to this day. Galileo used this great invention to report astronomical facts such as the moon is cover with craters instead of being smooth, the Milky Way is composed of millions of stars, and Jupiter have four moons. Perhaps the most famous discovery is the Earth revolves around the Sun and the Earth is not the center of the universe (even though he was discredited at the time). Newton was also involved with telescopes. After his growing interest with light bending, he applied his knowledge of the reflecting and refracting properties of light and invented the first reflective telescopes. Newton's reflective telescopes vastly improve the clarity of images as well as escaping from chromatic abberration. In order to fully understand the concepts and ideas of how a telescopes work, some knowledge of simple optics are required. Some Simple Optics Refraction Refraction occurs when light travels from one medium crosses a boundary and enters another medium of different properties. For example, light traveling from air to water. The amount of refraction (or bending) can be calculated using Snell's Law. Refractor How Refractor Telescopes Work The principle behind the refractive telescopes is the use of two glass lenses (objective lens and eyepiece lens) to gather and bend parallel light rays in a certain way so that the image fits the size of the eye's pupil. Light rays is gather through the opening of the telescope called the aperture and passes through the objective lens and refracts onto a single point called the focal point. From there the light rays continue the same direction until it hits the eyepiece lens which also refract the light back into parallel rays. During the process, the image that enters our eyes is actually reverse of the original image and magnified because the size in which we preceive the image.

Psycho-Sexual Reading of The Fall of the House of Usher Essay -- Fall

Psycho-Sexual Reading of The Fall of the House of Usher      Ã‚  Ã‚   The idea that "The Fall of the House of Usher" is in part an investigation into sexual motivation and sexual guilt complexes has often been hinted at but never critically pursued as the dominant theme in the tale. But such a reading is at least prepared for in important essays by D. H. Lawrence and Allen Tate which make the essential recognition that "The Fall of the House of Usher" is a "love" story (1). Lawrence and Tate, however, mistakenly attempt to purge the love concerned of all physical meaning. What they see Usher wanting is possession not of Madeline's body but her very being (Lawrence, p. 86). Theirs is essentially an anti-biological reading of the tale in which the Poe hero tries in self-love "to turn the soul of the heroine into something like a physical object which can be known in direct cognition" (fate, p. 115). But if "The Fall of the House of Usher" is a drama of cognition, its cognitive impact is not circumscribed by "metaphysical speculation on the i dentity of matter and spirit" (2).    In this connection, Patrick F. Quinn's suggestion that Usher is a criminal merits attention (3). He is, in a biological reading of the story, a sexual criminal, and a critic like Richard Wilbur, who suggests that the poetic soul is out to "shake off this temporal, rational, physical world and escape . . . to a realm of unfettered vision," lifts us out of rather than urges us into the depths which humanity in the person of Usher has touched (4). Caroline Gordon and Allen Tate are closer to the truth when they call [column 2:] Usher "a 'Gothic' character taken seriously" and when they view "The Fall of the House of Usher" as "a serious story of moral perv... ...267. (5) Caroline Gordon and Allen Tate, The Ho?`se of Fiction (New York: Scribner's, 1960), p. 53. (6) See Albert Mordell's comment on the tale and Usher in The Erotic Motive in Literature, rev. ed. (New York: Collier Books, 1962), p. 173: "As we learn from psycho-analysis, morbid fear is inhibited sexual desire; it is reaction against the libido." [column 2:] (7) The editors of The Literature of The United States (Chicago: Scott-Foresman, 1949), p. 317, note 17, favor the more familiar explanation which links the doctor with a gang of body-snatchers. Thus Usher chooses to entomb his sister in the vaults of the house rather than in the family graveyard. (8) Darrel Abel, "A Key to The House of Usher," rpt. in Interpretations of American Literature, ed. Charles Feidelson, Jr. and Paul Brodtkorb, Jr. (New York: Oxford University Press, 1959), p. 53.

Hucklbery Finn persuasive essay Essay

Adventures of Huckleberry Finn and Offensive Language in Literature In Mark Twain’s classic 1884 novel Adventures of Huckleberry Finn, regional and time-specific language is used in a way that offends some 21st century readers. Particular words are so disturbing that individuals across the country are still, to this day, attempting to have the book banned in schools and libraries. The idea that any book should be tucked away in a vault, let alone an example of a beloved American classic such as this, is ludacris and against what America stands for. Works of art, like this book, should be used to learn and to open up dialogue and analysis on both the piece itself and the society from which it came. With this particular Twain novel, we should be having a discussion about why the offending words are so offensive, and why it’s important that a record of these words and attitudes exist. Words carry weight, and the weight of the â€Å"N† word in Huckleberry Finn is heavy and dripping with sordid history. It is a term that holds an impassable amount of cultural appropriation and painful association. The word, used in a classic literary context, is then a perfect way to open up a dialogue about issues that are difficult to talk about. Political correctness, racial slurs, America’s dark past—these are all topics that can be used to teach young people how to have a gentle conversation about a torrid subject matter. Instead of banning the book and ignoring the past, we should be embracing the story and teaching people how to deal with the words in a tactful and progressive way. Moving forward from America’s shameful history of racism is difficult and taxing. But the only way we make steps to a new and more comfortable future is to learn from our past mistakes. Twain was a product of his time, putting words into the mouths of his characters that would easily have come from the mouths of real people. It’s also important to remember that the character of Huck Finn himself is anti-racist, so teaching the book to young people is not teaching racism, but acceptance. It is imperative to connect with the period of history that Huckleberry Finn comes from because shoving it to the side will only render us blind. Banning books is an effective way to censor, and censorship goes against a lot of what Americans believe to be a very important personal right. The right to free speech is sacred, and it is mostly untouched even in circumstances where highly polarizing or hateful words are being used. A work of fiction that integrates dialogue containing the â€Å"N† word may seem hateful to some, but it is certainly the intention of the author to use it in a context of satire. Censorship will just close the book when what we really need is to open it up in a different light. At a time when it is nearly impossible to find an adult engaged in a healthy debate or discussion, teaching our children how to think and speak analytically and fairly is a dire need. Using fictional novels such as Adventures of Huckleberry Finn as a jumping-off point of what used to be, and what has become, is the perfect opportunity for creating the ability to do this. By keeping books deemed controversial in rotation and out of the vault, we can begin to understand the preciousness of our own rights to speak our mind, as well as being able to speak to others with respect and with knowledge of the past. Downloaded from http://www. wikihow. com There are three possible organization patterns: Pattern 1: Thesis statement: PRO idea 1 PRO idea 2 CON(s) + Refutation(s) Conclusion Pattern 2: Thesis statement: CON(s) + Refutation(s) PRO idea 1 PRO idea 2 Conclusion Pattern 3: Thesis statement: CON idea 1  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã¢â‚¬â€Ã¢â‚¬â€œ>  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Refutation   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  CON idea 2  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã¢â‚¬â€Ã¢â‚¬â€œ>  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Refutation   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  CON idea 3  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã¢â‚¬â€Ã¢â‚¬â€œ>  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Refutation Conclusion The  sample essay  has been written according to the third pattern. Thesis:  Do Reiki instead of taking medicine. Counter arguments Refutation 1. People should trust medicine since it is effective and scientifically proven. —–> Reiki is also scientifically proven and does not have side effects. (refutation method: insufficient claim) 2. Serious illnesses such as HIV/AIDS and cancer cannot be treated without medicine. —–> Medicine also cannot treat serious illnesses if not diagnosed at an early stage. (refutation method: opponents are partially correct) 3. Reiki, like alternative healing methods, requires a lot of time. —–> Reiki requires less time if done regularly. refutation method: opponents are completely wrong) Language:  Signposts gain importance in the argumentative essay. They enable the readers to follow our arguments easily. When pointing out opposing arguments (CONs): Opponents of this idea claim / maintain that †¦Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   Those who disagree / are against these ideas may say / assert that †¦ Some people may disagree with this idea. When stating specifically why they think like that: The put forward this idea because †¦ They claim that †¦ since †¦ Reaching the turning point: However, but On the other hand, When refuting the opposing idea, we may use the following strategies: compromise  but prove that their argument is not powerful enough: They have a point in thinking like that. To a certain extent they are right. completely  disagree: After seeing this evidence, there is no way we can agree with what they say. say that their argument is  irrelevant  to the topic: What we are discussing here is not what they are trying to prove. Their argument is irrelevant. HEALTH AND HEALING AT YOUR FINGERTIPS Throw out the bottles and boxes of drugs in your house. A new theory suggests that medicine could be bad for your health, which should at least come as good news to people who cannot afford to buy expensive medicine. However, it is a blow to the medicine industry, and an even bigger blow to our confidence in the progress of science. This new theory argues that healing is at our fingertips: we can be healthy by doing Reiki on a regular basis. Supporters of medical treatment argue that medicine should be trusted since it is effective and scientifically proven. They say that there is no need for spiritual methods such as Reiki, Yoga, Tai Chi. These waste our time, something which is quite precious in our material world. There is medicine that can kill our pain, x-rays that show us our fractured bones or MRI that scans our brain for tumors. We must admit that these methods are very effective in the examples that they provide. However, there are some â€Å"every day complaints† such as back pains, headaches, insomnia, which are treated currently with medicine. When you have a headache, you take an Aspirin, or  Vermidon, when you cannot sleep, you take  Xanax  without thinking of the side effects of these. When you use these pills for a long period, you become addicted to them; you cannot sleep without them. We pay huge amounts of money and become addicted instead of getting better. How about a safer and more economical way of healing? When doing Reiki to yourself, you do not need anything except your energy so it is very economical. As for its history, it was discovered in  Japan  in the early 1900s and its popularity has spread particularly throughout  America  and  Western Europe. In quantum physics, energy is recognized as the fundamental substance of which the universe is composed. Reiki depends on the energy within our bodies. It is a simple and effective way of restoring the energy flow. There are no side effects and it is scientifically explained. Opponents of alternative healing methods also claim that serious illnesses such as HIV/AIDS and cancer cannot be treated without drugs. They think so because these patients spend the rest of their lives in the hospital taking medicine. How can Reiki make these people healthy again? It is very unfortunate that these patients have to live in the hospital losing their hair because of chemotherapy, losing weight because of the side effects of the medicine they take. Actually, it is common knowledge that except for when the cancer is diagnosed at an early stage, drugs also cannot treat AIDS or cancer. Most of the  medicinethese patients use are to ease their pain and their sufferings because of the medical treatment they undergo. Instead of drugs which are expensive and have many side effects, you can use your energy to overcome the hardships of life, find an emotional balance, leave the stress of everyday life and let go of the everyday worries. Most of the chronic conditions such as eczema or migraine are known to have causes such as poor diet and stress. Deep-rooted anger or other strong emotions can contribute to viral infections as well. Since balancing our emotions and controlling our thoughts are very important for our well-being, we should definitely start learning Reiki and avoid illnesses before it is too late. Some people may still maintain that in our material world, everything depends on time. It is even â€Å"lacking time† that causes much of the stress that leads to the illnesses we mentioned. How would it be possible to find time to do Reiki to ourselves and the people around us when we cannot even find time to go to the theater? This is one good thing about Reiki; it does not require more than 15 minutes of our time. There is no need for changing clothes or special equipment. It is a wonderfully simple healing art, an effective method of relaxation and stress-relief. Most important of all, it is less time consuming than medicine if we think of all the time we spend taking medicine for some complaints and taking some more for the side effects as well. Having said these, resistance to Reiki would be quite illogical. Reiki is natural and drug-free. What is more, it is easy to learn by anyone, regardless of age and experience. It  can be used anywhere, anytime. It also enhances physical, mental, emotional and spiritual well-being and the benefits last a lifetime. It is definitely high time to get away from the drug boxes we store in our drug cabinet! _________________________________________________________________________ utline I Introduction/Thesis-Claim Body Paragraph  1: Present your 1st point and supporting evidence. Body Paragraph 2: Present your 2nd point and it’s supporting evidence. Body Paragraph 3:  Refuteyour opposition’s first point. Body Paragraph 4:  Refuteyour opposition’s second point. Conclusion/Restate Thesis Outline II Introduction/Thesis-Claim Body Paragraph  1:  Refuteyour opposition’s first point. Body Paragraph 2:  Refuteyour opposition’s second point. Body Paragraph 3: Present your first point and supporting evidence. Body Paragraph 4: Present your second point and supporting evidence. Conclusion/Restate Thesis Outline III Introduction/Thesis-Claim Body Paragraph  1: Present your first point and it’s supporting evidence, which also  refutes  one of your opposition’s claims. Body Paragraph 2: Present your second point and it’s supporting evidence, which also  refutes  a second opposition claim. Body Paragraph 3: Present your third point and it’s supporting evidence, which also  refutes  a third opposition claim. Conclusion/Restate Thesis 3 Additional Outlines that You Can Print: Basic 5-Paragraph (Argument) Essay Outline: This outline also serves for other essays such as research papers, or the basic 5-paragraph essay. Highlight-and-print outline to fill in. Another Argument Essay Outline:  This outline asks questions that help you critically think about your topic. Highlight-and-print outline to fill in. Argument/Research Paper Outline Guide: This outline can help guide you through a series of questions. You can highlight-and-print this outline, but it’s not a fill-in-the-blank outline; use it as a guide. Many of my students like to use this outline for both research papers and argumentative papers. Basic 5-Paragraph (Argument) Essay Outline:

Why can the war time alliance be viewed a marriage of c essays

Why can the war time alliance be viewed a marriage of c essays When the Cold War started, the war time alliance can be viewed as a marriage of convenience , rather than a long time or term alliance. Before the 1940s most countries in the world were capitalist or had a mixed economy including USA and most countries in Europe but it ended in the 1940s when the war was over. People see capitalism as giving people freedom to do well and make money. Some people disagree with this because they believe it creates huge gaps between rich and poor. Due to this another system was created that is communism where the government provides a common economy and owns the means of production. Communism led to the start of the Cold War because America never accepted this type of system of government. Hostility between Soviet Russia and the West emerged because during the Civil War in Russia, the West sent troops to help the Whites who were fighting against the communists. The pre World War II marked the ideological origins of the Cold War where America isolated itself in the 1920s while the USSR was focused on building up its military and industrial strength, but they are not fighting one another. Moscow ( Russia ) undermine capitalism and the British and French empires through the Comitern, set up the international communist organization in 1919. Relations between UK and USSR were bad, but the main issue in European politics was the divide between Germany and Italy and the western democracies UK and France. This division between these countries was the cause of the Nazi Soviet Pact where Stalin made a pact with Hitler on the outbreak of the Second World War. The West saw this as a horror because it is a strange union between two regimes that were oppose politically ( one facist and one communist ). Hitler invaded Russia which led Russia to join the allies. The wartime alliance ( composed of different countries including Russia ) defeated the Nazi Germany. Although ...

Angela’s Ashes Essays

Angela’s Ashes Essays Angela’s Ashes Paper Angela’s Ashes Paper Essay Topic: The Book Of the City Of Ladies Oscar Wilde once said, â€Å"The truth is rarely pure and never simple. † Ladies and Gentlemen, it is with great pleasure that I am here today to speak to you about a contentious topic. The question for debate is the definition of a classic and who shall decide which works deserve this highly esteemed title. The canonical value of a work can be decided at the hands of an elite range of high culture intellectuals. This exclusive few can deny the quality of a work, or confer the novels value.Lexically, this guarantee of high aesthetic quality serves a contract that redeems in the authoritative list that ensures the novels value is recognized as a timeless classic for many generations to come. The natural question is then to ask ourselves if the truths conveyed throughout the work have been silenced or marginalized, and to what extent the author has made to produce the whole truth. The novel I will critique and look more closely into during today’s seminar will be Frank Mc Courts’, Angela’s Ashes (1996). SLIDE) Please look towards the screen above me, and you will see some of the novels key facts to familiarize yourself more adequately with the work. To enter the canon, or more importantly to be entered into the canon, is to gain obvious such privileges (Landow, 1989). The canon serves a powerful purpose to regard novels in a light that must be valued and privileged, by both the author and reader. Nevertheless, a novel becomes immortal once entered into the world of canonization, which clearly allows a work to be enjoyed.Read also   ANALYSIS OF OUR SECRET BY SUSAN GRIFFINFailing to gain entrance into the elite can quite often result in the unnoticed. Belonging to the canon confers status, a guarantee of quality, which declares to the reader that there is something to be enjoyed as an aesthetic object (Landow, 1989). The high culture of influential critics, museum directors and board of trustees who make these judgments hold the gate k ey to a fortress of high status. It is of great honour for authors to be a part of this highly esteemed group of elite, the authoritative list.The power of Angela’s Ashes (1996) imbued on every page holds the truths Frank McCourt claims through the story of his childhood. It is through a smokescreen of poverty, sexism and survival that these truths are constructed. The work bears all the marks of a classic, thus, such elements the novel excrete infer that it is of classical value indicative of the awards attained for its achievements. Frank McCourt won the 1997 ‘Pulitzer Prize for biography or autobiography’, the 1996 ‘National Critics Circle Award’ and the 1997 ‘Boeke Prize’ for his memoir. SLIDE) As you can see on the screen above me, there are many works by Frank McCourt have inherited the title of canonical value such as Angela’s Ashes (1996), Teacher Man (2005) and Tis’(1999), but many of McCourt’s ‘truths ’ exhibited in his works have gone under fire. Within Angela’s Ashes (1996), McCourt’s highly lucrative memoir of his childhood managed to portray the fundamental truths about the human condition, a universal theme which confides in every human being.McCourt reconstructed his life as a young boy in Ireland during the late 1930’s, conveying certain truths about the Irish town of Limerick and the dire circumstances he and his family faced. (SLIDE) Many Irish and Irish-Americans took up a resistant reading towards McCourt’s Angela’s Ashes (1996) claiming that the authors ‘exaggerations’ about the poverty and hunger within Ireland in the late 1930s were false. The Irish claimed, â€Å"That never happened. McCourt’s a first-class liar† (Phelan, 2009). The question I am here to discuss is, who the real Frank McCourt was, and did he win the Pulitzer Prize with his memoir under false pretences? Brennan, 2009). (SLIDE) The portrayal of his mother was an important motif in the contemporary framing of the novel. In the very feudal pages of the memoir, Frank McCourt introduces his mother Angela as â€Å"the pious defeated mother moaning by the fire,† (Angela’s Ashes 1996, p 1). Quite early on in the work it is obvious that the reader is going to be exposed to a woman of despair and heartache which will position the reader to disconnect with Angela’s struggle. McCourt fails to marginalize his mother in a way that would situate her in a light of bliss motherhood.Frank McCourt’s depiction of his mother when Malachy left the family for England was anything but fair as her plight to regain her families well-being was silenced. Her defeat came sharply when Frank McCourt described her relationship with Leman Griffin as the reader was positioned to side with Frank’s hurt and anger towards his mother for entering into this scrupulous situation. Memory is an amorphous creation of the human mind that can become more than sedentary recollection (Withey, 2012). Patricia Rampl emphasizes that, â€Å"Each of us must have a created version of the past. Frank McCourt has ‘created’ his work based on memory he has recalled from his earlier years. Angela’s Ashes (1996) depicts McCourt’s’ truth about his childhood, even his most infinitesimal details are authentic as he has constructed the memories into the book, perhaps leaving gaps and silencing certain people, or events, but always transmitting the truths he recollects. McCourt’s remembrances don’t have to follow the bare facts of his life, rather, characterizes the very nature in which the novel steers towards.With time, McCourt would have intensified what was important in his past and lay aside the inconsequential (Withey, 2012). A single memory can clearly illustrate the desperation of McCourt’s childhood in sheer poverty. When he falls asleep I take the gr easy newspaper from the floor. I lick the front page, which is all advertisements for films and dances in the city. I lick the headlines. I lick the great attacks of Patton and Montgomery in France and Germany. I lick the war in the pacific. I lick the obituaries and the sad memorial poems, the sports pages, the market prices of eggs butter and bacon.I suck the paper till there isn’t a smidgen of grease. I wonder what I’ll do tomorrow. Angela’s Ashes, p296 (SLIDE) When image of an event by an adult mind can be intensified, the reader can be cognizant of that licking the war, politics and entertainment is an illustration that hunger and survival are all paramount to all else. McCourt’s truths have shaped the works of Angela’s Ashes (1996), Teacher Man (2005) and Tis’ (1999), to depict a story, a memory, and the truths that have shaped his life. If there are any questions, now is your time to speak up.

Fedex Case Study Essays

Fedex Case Study Essays Fedex Case Study Essay Fedex Case Study Essay Fed Ex Case Issue: Federal Express is a strong recognizable brand with growth potential, but the company faces a multitude of challenges with rising fuel prices, increased value of living, as well as a decline in the economy. FedEx also encounters issues with competition and even negative publicity due to various lawsuits involving violations against EEOC laws and regulations. SWOT Analysis: Strengths: Best leader in express shipping o 99% of deliveries are on time Expansion of operations into international markets o Purchase of Tiger International Strong brand image associated with products, quality, and reliability Weaknesses: Expensive compared to other services Increased amount of debt Decreased expansion in Europe Opportunities: Expansion of online consumer services Offer larger variety of shipping services Global business growth Threats: Technological advancements o E-Commerce Competition o Overnight delivery market matured rapidly Rising fuel prices Decline in worl dwide economy Rising costs associated with employee salaries and benefits Negative publicity due to lawsuits Critical SWOT Factors: Federal Express needs to focus on their strengths in the company, as well as pursuing their opportunities. FedEx built its foundation on being the fastest and most reliable postal service in the United States, and has taken these principles overseas in foreign markets. The FedEx brand name and image is critical toward the company’s on-going success and future growth opportunities. Being globally known, as well as having a strong foothold in almost every country will allow FedEx customers to more willingly accept new services offered by the company. Such factors for expansion and competitive advantage will include offering online services. The world is becoming more technologically advanced day by day, with the use of Internet services; FedEx will be able to adhere to the world’s online progression. Currently, FedEx is aggressively moving into e-commerce in order to fulfill business-to-business and business-to-consumer merchants. Moreover, the company needs to focus more on reducing their labor costs, as well as finding a way to decrease fuel costs. With the price of oil rising continually each year, FedEx’s fuel costs have risen up to 30% within the past three years. : Despite the fuel costs, the company’s labor costs have risen even higher; the largest expense FedEx endures. This is immensely critical since the company has suffered a multitude of lawsuits regarding unfair pay. According to EEOC laws, FedEx is still under investigation whether the company is violating terms and policies under Title VII of the Civil Rights Act. The distinction between independent contractors and employees for the company is imperative, because under the federal law, if the company treats the contractor as an employee, the company has certain legal obligations, such as overtime pay and withholding taxes. If FedEx is in violation of these laws and more lawsuits continue to sprout, the company may be in jeopardy of losing their strong and loyal brand image that has been built upon for decades. . Alternative Solutions: 1. Federal Express should move toward integration of expansion within e-commerce to an online subsidiary for consumer retailers. By collaborating with a large and well-known retailer such as WalMart or Target, FedEx would strengthen not only its name, but also its revenue within the marketplace. FedEx could integrate with a retailing company by partnering with each other. Therefore, they would be able to share benefits with and increase each company’s revenue. For example, if FedEx integrated with WalMart, WalMart would be able to have discounts on shipping products and goods. Likewise, FedEx would be able to always have a buyer that would represent a majority of their profits, further increasing revenue. Also by collaborating, both companies will gain more market power and increase their brand image. Through e-commerce strategies, both companies could increase their technological strengths and online consumer industry growth power, by providing faster and more efficient shipping for consumer needs. Technological advancements and use of products and services over the Internet will provide opportunities and expansion in the future years for FedEx. Another long-term advantage would be increased publicity. Any company engaging in a new marketing plan, especially through e-commerce will become noticed through public relations. Allowing consumers to shop online with the integrated company will allow the products they purchase to be delivered even faster and as time goes by, product shipping may even decrease in price. If FedEx decides to collaborate with a retailer, the company should focus an immense amount toward promotional efforts, using multiple media outlets. There could be traditional media used, such as television, radio, newspaper, and magazine advertisements. Then, FedEx could spend time developing its social media through Facebook and Twitter, using promotional tactics by giving free samples, coupons, and discounts. The company can spend more on e-marketing using the pay-per-click techniques by becoming first on every search engine page and spending money for their advertisements to appear on banners. This will hopefully also increase word-of-mouth communication through brand loyalty and customer satisfaction. The technology market is growing rapidly in every product and service industry. It is imperative to focus on this aspect in order to gain a greater amount of market share, especially by merging and sharing services with a well-known and respected retailer. 2. Federal Express can increase their revenue, as well as their services by allowing consumer travel options. The company already has one of the largest airlines in the world, and has thousands of skilled employee pilots. FedEx could offer last minute discounted airline tickets to the public in order to gain additional revenue from already existing system transportation use. This would be immensely feasible and easy to execute. FedEx is already a well-trusted brand name. Consumers would feel safe to fly with the company. Also, transportation has established itself as fast, efficient, and reliable. FedEx is the clear leader in express shipping with 99% of deliveries being on time. This means, consumers would have no worries of missing their flight or anticipation of delays. Everything runs smoothly with Federal Express; â€Å"Our absolutely, positively spirit puts our customers at the heart of everything we do,† states one of the six themes that frame FedEx efforts. The target audience for these discounted tickets could be anyone, especially since FedEx transports nearly everywhere. With the decline of the economy and fuel prices on the rise, consumers will be more than eager to purchase discounted airline tickets. Likewise, there is usually space on FedEx aircrafts that is never put into use. By selling discounted tickets, this will increase revenue for FedEx and create an entirely new segment of services. Distribution of airline tickets would be on a first-come, first-serve basis. Likewise, ticket prices would be based on travel-time and current market price, and then the tickets would be reduced accordingly. Promotion of these airline tickets would be seen through every media outlet, but mostly e-marketing. Brand loyalty programs would be implemented, allowing the most loyal customers of FedEx to be given the opportunity to take advantage of the discounted air travel first. With the prices of fuel steadily increasing and the economy still discouraged, Federal Express can create opportunities or consumers, as well as themselves. Discounted airline tickets flying with FedEx could be a giant step in the company’s future. 3. Federal Express needs to focus on employees, making sure all personnel working for FedEx is treated with respect and lawful expectations. Throughout the past several years, FedEx has received many lawsuits pertaining to EEOC laws regarding unfair pay and benef its. A major lawsuit pertained to the FedEx Ground/Home Delivery drivers regarding whether they are independent contractors or employees of the company. The company is controlling almost everything about the ‘independent contractors,’ even prohibiting them from working for other companies. FedEx strictly dictates working hours and routes, requires them to wear FedEx uniforms and purchase company scanners, and enforces all company rules upon them. Under EEOC laws, these conditions constitute for the ‘independent contractors’ to be employees under federal law. This factor is significant, for employees are entitled to certain benefits and compensation such as, overtime pay and withholding taxes. Federal Express has built part of its image upon the company’s enviable corporate culture and workforce. The company has even been named as one of the â€Å"100 Best Companies to Work For† and one of the â€Å"World’s Most Admired Corporations† from Fortune Magazine. If FedEx really prides itself with its care and respect for its workers, they would adhere to EEOC laws. Likewise, if FedEx can clear up their policies and pay to their workers, the company would gain positive publicity. This would amplify the company’s positive reputation even more, increasing their brand image as a whole. In addition, to gain competitive advantage over competitors in regards to employees, FedEx should reassign teams from one project to another to effectively distribute people with critical talent, instead of assign employees to specific business units. Using job enlargement, as well as job enrichment will provide employees and workers with a sense of autonomy that will help increase motivation and productivity. This would also allow for pay cuts and employee dismissals for those who are not fulfilling duties or are not a major asset to the Federal Express team. It is vital to the company to terminate those who lack high productivity. FedEx then can focus on compensating those who greatly contribute their skills and knowledge toward the company. With the cost of living steadily increasing, FedEx needs to reward employees who implement the best abilities in continuing to strengthen the company and foresee its growth and expansion opportunities. Recommendation: The best recommendation for Federal Express would be to integrate and collaborate with a consumer retailer and to focus the integration through e-commerce. FedEx is the clear leader in express shipping, controlling more than 49% of the market in the United States. By building a relationship and a lifetime value customer with a large consumer retailer, FedEx will begin to create a competitive advantage over almost all other postal services. One of the greatest strengths of FedEx is their brand image and customer loyalty. Expanding on these strengths to create new service online will easily be accepted and used by current customers, as well as potential consumers. Also in long-term results, FedEx will be able to reduce shipping costs. By collaborating with a major retailer, FedEx will begin to increase revenue, thus reducing shipment costs through purchases made within the retailer. E-commerce will enable FedEx to expand more internationally. There has been tremendous growth within the Asian market, but FedEx has not had success with its European markets. After the e-commerce strategy underway, FedEx can emerge in European markets once again, establishing information networks in each country. The company will now have the global infrastructure to support its operations. Likewise, the FedEx international foundation will be much stronger and more developed; therefore increasing global market power. Federal Express will also be able to increase positive publicity not only in the United States, but in foreign markets as well. The new overseas operations will be a gateway toward more employment options, creating new opportunities for FedEx to expand. FedEx will also begin to expand its distribution methods by creating more service options overseas. The vast target market of FedEx has the potential growth to expand in nearly every country, especially when integrated with another global company; the opportunities are endless. FedEx will need to change their advertising and marketing plan in order to become successful in e-commerce. Using traditional media, as well as e-marketing and social media will enhance its awareness. Promotional efforts will be imperative toward increasing brand recognition and the integration of two company offerings. FedEx could offer free shipping, coupons, and discounts to new customers. There could also be a loyalty program for returning customers to increase loyalty and promote word-of-mouth communication. Technological advancements, as well as expanding target markets are one of FedEx’s greatest opportunities to improve its success and growth in the marketplace. Federal Express is a mature, recognizable company with a great amount to offer.

Complexometric Titration of Calcium Lab Report Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words - 1

Complexometric Titration of Calcium - Lab Report Example In this experiment, the searchers are trying to perform a complex formation reaction for analytical purposes. The main aim of this titration reaction is to determine the presence of calcium ions in a titrant by a method referred to as titrimetric. The chemists use the common titrant referred to as ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid, (EDTA). This acid is commonly used in complex formation reactions because of its ability to form complexes with most metal ions because of its tetrabasic form. The EDTA acid molecule has a hexadentate ligand structure having four oxygen and two nitrogen molecules which donate atoms simultaneously. One major advantage of using EDTA as a chelating agent is because it forms a stable compound with most metals ions in a reacting ration of 1:1. Secondly, the reaction between EDTA and metal ions forms larger compound structures such that the reaction is product favored making it suitable for the reaction to proceed to full completion. These two major advantages mak e EDTA be the preferable titrant in most complex formation reactions. The purpose of this titration reaction is to determine the presence and concentration of calcium carbonate, (CaCO3) in an unknown solution sample. The known reagents in this reaction include the following: First, there is a known amount of Ammonia buffer solution. Secondly, there is Disodium EDTA dehydrate with an FW of 372.24. Thirdly, there is a calcium carbonate with an FW of 100.87 which is primary standard and dried for a period of about 2 hours at 100 0c.

Business Law Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words - 4

Business Law - Assignment Example If so, what was the condition of the offer and who was to claim it? It has always been assumed that a notice like that goes all the way to the world and anybody can claim it so long as the terms are met. This is similar to the case of Carlill and Carbolic Smoke Ball Company (1893) 1 QB256. The claimant after meeting all the conditions put fore by Carbolic Smoke Ball Company was being denied the claim by the company. This attracted the intervention of the court which rewarded her claim. According to the law of contracts, an offer is simply an expression of willingness and ability to contract on given specific terms. It can be written oral or both. The offer can also be unilateral or bilateral, the latter mostly being in commercial businesses. In the case of Leila vs. Julie, the offer was unilateral since the former had in one of the dailies, printed a notice of the same targeting the whole public (Bouvier, 1856). The clear message was that whoever came across and returned the gold locket and the chain previously lost was to be rewarded $ 50. In a unilateral contract, once the offeror makes a promise in exchange of an act by another person, if this other person acts on the offerer’s promise then the latter is obligated to fulfill the promise (Austen-Baker, 2002). The ideal condition is that the information about the reward must have been in the knowledge of the offferee before presenting his actions. In this case, Julie was knowledgeable of the information about the reward for the return made by Leila. Whichever form of communication/ notification she chose, it was within the context. According to the notice, the offerer gave her address as well as her number meaning you could choose any to communicate and Julie happened to choose the physical contact. In my opinion, she qualified to be rewarded as the contract was binding. However, it should be noted that just like the case of (Household fire and carriage accident Insurance

Senior Project Team Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

Senior Project Team - Essay Example The business plan will provide a foundation upon which future plans can be built with all of the business goals in mind and with a clear direction in which the company can journey. In creating a business plan, the first recommended course of actions is for the company to set on paper the mission of the company. Creating a mission statement allows a company to provide an overall goal through which all other goals can be measured and assessed. The mission statement would include ideas about the values and purposes that the business intends for being in business. This creates a doorway to understanding why the business exists. As business decisions are made, the mission statement creates a centered platform from which those decisions will support the goals that are being set for the company. Taking the time to create a solid mission statement of the business is highly recommended as a first step towards creating a workable business plan that allows for the goals of the company to be ach ieved. Through this mission statement it will be clear when the company is meandering off point, heading towards an outcome that is not really a part of the intended future of the company. It is highly recommended that this be the first step towards creating a more organized set of goals for the company. The important goal that will be achieved through creating the business plan is an organized and ordered set of goals that can be formulated through specified strategies. When a company does not adhere to a set of strategies, eventually it will wander into a trap that will negatively affect their overall performance. Ordered and organized strategies will prevent the company from meandering into a trap that is off mission and outside of the goals that are intended. Strategy is the final step before implementing a plan towards a goal. The goal must be identified with the strategy to meet that goal then created. Through a well organized business plan, the best strategies for a company w ill be revealed and goals can be met in ways that will have wonderful and surprising results. It is not the path towards the goal that should be full of surprises, but the results of meeting the goal so that the best possible outcome can be achieved. In recommending that Can-Go create a business plan, the consultants are looking towards the best possible future for the company as it designs its set of goals and creates strategies through which to meet them. The mission statement will provide the company with a commonly understood meaning so that all the ideas that the employees bring to the table can be assessed and goals can be created towards meeting those ideas that fall into the purpose that has been designated through the mission statement. Once the ideas are assessed and created into goals, tasks can be designed to meet those goals. Goals become the functional outcome of the business plan, creating a framework in which strategy can be set. The one thing that must be remembered in creating a business plan is that it is flexible and will change as the business changes and grows. While a static mission statement is best, the details that surround that mission statement will provide for the expected growth that a company will achieve. The goals of a company will change as expected outcomes are met and new goals are created towards a bigger and

Analysis of The Concubine's Children by Denise Chong Research Paper

Analysis of The Concubine's Children by Denise Chong - Research Paper Example The idea of adaptation is one that becomes fragmented in identity and in being able to move to a foreign land without associating one’s identity with being foreign. Complexities in Immigrant Adaptation The immigrant adaptation that is developed in various regions is dependent on attitudes, behaviors, definitions and associations with a majority culture. The attitudes which are created create differences between the majority or native groups and the minority groups and immigrants that come from a different region. The first level of adaptation is one which is based on culture shock, which is based on the initial reactions, misunderstandings and lack of understanding about the majority culture. The process then continues with trying to adapt to behaviors, cultural norms, language and identifying the self in a different context. However, this often occurs without completely adapting into society or being a part of the majority mentality and group. The ability to adapt is based on cognitive styles and the association with both individual personality and overall adaptation into society (Witkin, 17). Throughout the explanations offered by Chong, there is a sense of trying to adapt and the continuous displacement that is a part of coming from China and assimilating in Canada. The metaphor that is used is one which is based on having a division of identity in two, one which belongs to the old culture and the other which is a part of the new. â€Å"It was as if the coat, in its last performance, in forbearance and forgiveness, had itself restored the two halves of the family – one in Canada, one in China – to one† (Chong, 3). This particular example becomes a main association in the book where the idea of adaptation also means losing part of one’s identity to gain another. While there is a strong association with the original culture, the need to be a part of the new becomes the main concern. The ability to adapt within society is not only seen with the tearing apart of identity by trying to fit in with the majority. There are also other layers of adaptation which occur. Acculturation and ethnic relations are two areas which are defined when one is working into a society. Acculturation is when an individual decides to begin being a part of the majority culture. Language, food, dress and other appearances are a part of the main culture while the area in which one immigrates form is left behind. The desire is to build ethnic relations with others that are in the community while creating a plural society of multiculturalism. It is noted that this changes security, tolerance and ethnic attitudes among both majority and minority groups while developing attitudes within the larger of society (Berry, 719: 2006). The changes in attitude that are noted with adaptation is one that is also seen in the narration. For instance, when working toward moving into the Canadian community, it is expected that Chen Sam and his family lives in Chinatown, works in a sewing factory and takes their place among immigrants. While this is expected for immigrants, the need to adapt into the society becomes more prominent based on need and the expected lifestyle of those working in the country. â€Å"Chan Sam had his own ideas about what his daughter’s next move should be. ‘Everybody is buying a house,’ he said. He persuaded them to look at what he’d found for sale†¦ Winnie and John liked the neighborhood. There was a United Church across the

Prepare an Observing Proposal (See attachment) Essay

Prepare an Observing Proposal (See attachment) - Essay Example What is the information that could be reconstructed? What are the natural changes regarding M6 cluster that could be observed? These are the questions that the proposed study would seek to establish. Considering the fact that astronomy is central to modern scientific developments, this study would serve to reconstruct information in astronomy, informing further development in the field. Table Summary of Observation Run Proposed for the Project Run Presently observed Features No nights Optimal months Accept months 1 Keck telescope Jan-Feb Jan-Feb 2 MMT 2 Feb-March Jan-Feb 3 KP-4m 3x 0.5 June-April Jan-Feb 4 WTYN 5 Feb-Jul June-April 5 CT-1.5m 3 Feb-Jul Feb-Jul 6 GEM-SQ 1.8 Feb-July Feb-Jul Scheduling Constraints Avoid cloudy days: Days that are cloud may obstruct vision; hence, unfruitful examination. Only clear days of the season are favorable. Scientific Justification Technological and scientific discoveries are playing a crucial role in enhancing human life. These developments are not only enhancing human life but are also shunning human curiosity through discovery and reconstruction of new information. Astronomy has been one of the areas that are central to scientific discoveries, especially in earth and physical sciences. Its developments have been revolutionized by technological revolution, like other areas of science. ... Keck II telescope was utilized for astronomical observation in 1996, but its potential effectiveness was realized in 1999 following the installation of all large first adaptive optics. Furthermore, in 2004, the Keck Telescope was incorporated with laser guide star AO systems, creating the allowance for the Telescope to have a resolution equivalent to the Hubble Space Telescopes. In 2005, various technological developments were realized creating the allowance for the two Keck Telescopes to be operated together (Plotner 789). In the obvious way, the developments in the Keck Telescope are a reflection of its increasing capability to discover various astronomical phenomena. There is the need to utilize the revolutionized and the state-of-art Keck Telescope to test the accuracy of the available information, such as those of the Messier star clusters. One most notable advantage of Keck Telescopes is that they do not have distortions of the atmosphere because they are over the atmosphere. T his has resulted in much sharper images. Another merit is that it is not compromised by lights which are scattered in the atmosphere. These two factors are responsible for a condition called twinkling stars. One more advantage of Keck Telescopes is that they observe a variety of wavelengths on light easily, which are hard to use while on the ground because they are placed in the atmosphere. Keck Telescopes can detect frequencies in the atmosphere and ground without distorting the signal. Therefore, places with electromagnetic mediums such as ultraviolet, gamma and X-Ray are easily viewed from the space. One of the inherent challenges with the use of Keck Telescope is that Earth’s rotation implies that the scope must frequently compensate for its movement in order to align it on a

Analysis of The Concubine's Children by Denise Chong Research Paper

Analysis of The Concubine's Children by Denise Chong - Research Paper Example The idea of adaptation is one that becomes fragmented in identity and in being able to move to a foreign land without associating one’s identity with being foreign. Complexities in Immigrant Adaptation The immigrant adaptation that is developed in various regions is dependent on attitudes, behaviors, definitions and associations with a majority culture. The attitudes which are created create differences between the majority or native groups and the minority groups and immigrants that come from a different region. The first level of adaptation is one which is based on culture shock, which is based on the initial reactions, misunderstandings and lack of understanding about the majority culture. The process then continues with trying to adapt to behaviors, cultural norms, language and identifying the self in a different context. However, this often occurs without completely adapting into society or being a part of the majority mentality and group. The ability to adapt is based on cognitive styles and the association with both individual personality and overall adaptation into society (Witkin, 17). Throughout the explanations offered by Chong, there is a sense of trying to adapt and the continuous displacement that is a part of coming from China and assimilating in Canada. The metaphor that is used is one which is based on having a division of identity in two, one which belongs to the old culture and the other which is a part of the new. â€Å"It was as if the coat, in its last performance, in forbearance and forgiveness, had itself restored the two halves of the family – one in Canada, one in China – to one† (Chong, 3). This particular example becomes a main association in the book where the idea of adaptation also means losing part of one’s identity to gain another. While there is a strong association with the original culture, the need to be a part of the new becomes the main concern. The ability to adapt within society is not only seen with the tearing apart of identity by trying to fit in with the majority. There are also other layers of adaptation which occur. Acculturation and ethnic relations are two areas which are defined when one is working into a society. Acculturation is when an individual decides to begin being a part of the majority culture. Language, food, dress and other appearances are a part of the main culture while the area in which one immigrates form is left behind. The desire is to build ethnic relations with others that are in the community while creating a plural society of multiculturalism. It is noted that this changes security, tolerance and ethnic attitudes among both majority and minority groups while developing attitudes within the larger of society (Berry, 719: 2006). The changes in attitude that are noted with adaptation is one that is also seen in the narration. For instance, when working toward moving into the Canadian community, it is expected that Chen Sam and his family lives in Chinatown, works in a sewing factory and takes their place among immigrants. While this is expected for immigrants, the need to adapt into the society becomes more prominent based on need and the expected lifestyle of those working in the country. â€Å"Chan Sam had his own ideas about what his daughter’s next move should be. ‘Everybody is buying a house,’ he said. He persuaded them to look at what he’d found for sale†¦ Winnie and John liked the neighborhood. There was a United Church across the

Music Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Music - Research Paper Example ifferentiated effects of Romanticism in music can be discerned such as the move towards greater freedom in both the form and the design of musical pieces. Previously, music had been more diverted to relating the real and the happening. Romanticism begun to change the realistic stance of music by introducing new elements to music that relied in large part on imagination and fantasy. The addition of the element of adventure in nineteenth century music is also undeniable (Beard and Gloag). The Romantic Movement placed a great emphasis on inventing new kinds of lyrical melodies that were song like in their overall composition. This meant that the new music being produced generally had richer harmonies to display along with an adventurous modulation. This meant that music was often chromatic – a trait that was achieved using a striking utilization of discords. Music from this period also presents a greater sense of ambiguity (Schmidt-Jones and Jones). This generated ambiguity is more noticeable in terms of the overall tone and the various harmonic functions that compose it. Additionally the rhythm of the music from this era is more ambiguous than from before. Another major limitation of previous music productions was their limited reliance on pitch. The Romantic Movement can also be credited with providing music with striking and often bold contrasts that were achieved through the exploration of wide ranging pitches. Other than the pitches, the exploration of various dynamics and differentiated tones is also a constant feature of nineteenth century music. The dramatic transformation of sounds present in nineteenth century music was only possible because larger and more complex orchestras were being used. When contrasted to previous orchestra arrangements, the new orchestra arrangements could be considered gigantic in numbers and the varieties of instruments being used. The move to larger orchestras was also facilitated by the invention of the valve system. The

Mainland Chinese in Hong Kong Essay Example for Free

Mainland Chinese in Hong Kong Essay Everyone in Hong Kong should have heard of the mainland parallel-goods traders who discriminated by the local citizens. The MTR Corporation’s new policy setting limit to the weight of the luggage and the demonstration against the traders held by the local citizens are some of the evidences showing the discrimination against the mainland Chinese in Hong Kong (Lee Lo, 2012). Actually, the mainland Chinese settling in Hong Kong faces lots of barriers in different aspects. According to the United Nation, the living standard of a people will be degraded by the social, political, environmental, cultural and economic barriers (The United Nation, 1976). This essay will discuss the barriers occurred, the response by different stakeholders and the Hong Kong government’s role in this issue. The reason why the mainland Chinese migrates to Hong Kong may help understand the issue. In 1962, the Hong Kong government adopted the Touch Base Policy, which allowed the mainland Chinese arriving the city area to settle in Hong Kong. Since there was starvation in China at that time, thousands of people who were strong and young migrated to Hong Kong by swimming and climbing the hill. They devoted themselves to work for the factories and increased the productivity of light industry (The Society for Anglo-Chinese Understanding, 2001). Due to the booming economy of Hong Kong and the introduction of the Basic Law in 1997, many mainland Chinese came and gave birth to their children to enjoy the right of abode in Hong Kong (Ming Pao, 2011). Therefore, the two main purposes for the mainland Chinese to settle in Hong Kong are working and enjoying the welfare. The social barriers faced by people are defined by the lack of help from the society, the exclusion from the welfare and the disconnection from the social network (The United Nation, 1976). As mentioned above, the mainland Chinese settle in Hong Kong to enjoy the benefit provided by the government. However, the one who does not have the right of abode cannot enjoy the welfare. The most familiar case is the difference in the fee of medical service. The charge of the service of accident and emergency for the local citizen is $100 per attendance while that of people with no right of abode charges $570 per attendance which is five times to the local one (Hospital Authority, 2007). This shows that the mainland Chinese staying in Hong Kong less than 7 years cannot enjoy the medical services at the lowest cost. Even the mainland Chinese with the right of abode cannot fully enjoy the welfare of the society. Consider the free education provided to the children with the right of abode, it is obvious that the mainland children in Hong Kong may have difficulties in learning using English and Cantonese which are not their mother tongue (Caritas Hong Kong- Tsuen Wan Community Centre, 1998). There is no extra resource to help the migrated children to adapt to the learning environment which is different from that of mainland China. Beyond the social barriers are the economic barriers, which are known as the lack of participation in production, trading and consumption (The United Nation, 1976). Another purpose of settling in Hong Kong is to get the employment opportunity as stated above. However, it is difficult for the mainland Chinese to find a job in Hong Kong. According to the report conducted by the Hong Kong government, the employment rate of the mainland Chinese in Hong Kong was 45.7%, lower than the overall employment rate in Hong Kong (60.3%) in 2006 (Hong Kong Government, 2007). This can be caused by their small social network and low education level of the migrated mainland Chinese. Moreover, there are not many types of work they can choose. 82% of the mainland Chinese in Hong Kong was having works with low-technique in 2006 (Hong Kong Government, 2007). As the mainland Chinese are of low education level with few techniques for work, most of them work as sales assistants but not technician. This implies that the mainland Chinese has a relative low chance to earn high profit in Hong Kong. Actually, the income rate of the mainland Chinese are much lower than that of the local citizens. The median of income of the mainland Chinese is around $6000 while that of the local citizens is $10000 (Hong Kong Government, 2007). Having a low income set them into living problem as they may have difficulty in buying necessity, paying utilities expense and paying for the meal. Getting low income not only leads to the difficulty in buy food and stuff, but also leads to the residential problem. The environmental barriers mean the poor living condition of the residents and the negative atmosphere of the environment (The United Nation, 1976). According to the report of Society for Community Organization in 2009, the median of monthly rent of bed space apartment is $1265 and that of suite is $2300 (Society for Community Organization, 2009). If the mainland Chinese chooses to rent a bed space apartment or a suite, they will spend a large part of their income to live in an area with poor condition. They can also choose to rent the public housing or purchase their private house, but this will cost them more which they may not afford. Moreover, the characteristic of the district they lived may create negative emotion to the mainland Chinese. If you are living in a city that was degraded by many people, you will probably become sad all days. Actually, when the mainland Chinese rent the public housing in Hong Kong, they may often be allocated to the Western part of New Territory, as it is the new developed town with more space. The problem faced by the mainland Chinese when they are settling will create sad emotion which will be accumulated. This leads to the high rate of unemployment, suicide and family violence and also leads to the name of ‘city of sadness’ for Tin Shui Wai (Chang, 2007). Fung is an example described in the program of the New Magazine. She is a mainland woman settled in Hong Kong for 10 years with no husband and she find it hard to live in Tin Shui Wai as there are many cases similar to hers (New Magazine, 2007). It is obvious that the mainland Chinese may face both physical and mental barriers raised by the environment. In concord with the environmental barriers, the mainland Chinese may face cultural barriers. It is about the loss of the acceptance of their cultures and behaviors from the society (The United Nation, 1976). While you are walking on the street, you may have the experience that the Chinese near you are not saying the same language compared to yours or do not familiar with Cantonese. Actually, many migrated mainland Chinese has their only accent or dialect. From the data of the Population Census 2011, 5.3% of the resident in Hong Kong spoke Putonghua or other Chinese dialect (Hong Kong Government, 2012). This leads to the obstruction for them to communicate with the local citizens. Moreover, the habits of the mainland Chinese are different from that of the local people. For example, there are many cases of corruption in the mainland and the residents there usually bribe the government officers or the manager of the company to enjoy services earlier than others or obtain other benefits. When the mainland Chinese settles in Hong Kong, they cannot change this practice which is not accepted here immediately. Therefore, they will be discriminated by the local citizens when they want to jump the queue by giving extra money (Ming Pao, 2012). Obviously, such behaviors may create discrimination against the mainland Chinese and they may find it hard to communicate with the local citizens. Above the previous four kinds of barriers is the political barrier. Political barriers occur when people are excluded in the procedure of establishing policies as no one can represent them to fight for their right (The United Nation, 1976). In the case of migrated Chinese, they only have the permanent right of abode and so the voting right in Legislative Council and District Council when they live in Hong Kong for more than 7 years (Hong Kong Government, 1997). Therefore, if they only live for less than 7 years, they cannot exercise their voting right to vote for the councilor who is willing to strive for their interests. Some may argue that there are still some councilors, who consider the right of mainland Chinese in Hong Kong, however; as there are too few councilors representing them, it is likely that the councilors cannot align the decision making in the council to the rights of the mainland Chinese. From the above, we find different barriers faced by the mainland Chinese in Hong Kong with different nature. Whether they should be included in the Hong Kong society has come to a controversial issue between the groups that advocate and the groups that oppose. ‘Citizens should tolerate the mainland Chinese in Hong Kong as they are only of different values with us.’ the former chief executive Donald Tsang said (RTHK, 2012). This is one of the points that support their inclusion in Hong Kong. As the mainland Chinese was adapted to their habits in China, they cannot change their mind step right after they settled in Hong Kong. It is rude to repel them just because their behaviors are different from us. Moreover, Hong Kong is an international city consisted of people come from different cities or countries. It is the common practice for the Hong Kong citizens to treat people with different race in the same way to encourage cultural diversification. If we only give respect to the white but detest the mainland Chinese, an image that Hong Kong is not a city that can include all kinds of groups may be created. This may probably damage the reputation and discredit the name of travellers’ paradise of Hong Kong. One of the possible outcomes is the decrease in amount of travellers and investment in Hong Kong and this will lead to the decrease in social benefits as well. Furthermore, exclusion of them in Hong Kong will create negative emotions to the society. When there are people blaming the mainland Chinese in Hong Kong, it will usually create ‘war’ between local Chinese and mainland Chinese. We can easily find posters and articles posted by them to insult each other on the Internet. People supporting each side will also organize campaigns that dishonor another side and this will aggravate conflict in the society (Ming Pao, 2011). Another negative impact raised by the exclusion is the deadly tragedy of mainland Chinese. When the mainland Chinese cannot settle down properly and are scorned by the Hong Kong people, sadness will accumulate. As there are not enough resources for the assistance or counseling to the mainland Chinese, they may try to solve the problem by themselves. The solutions usually include improper behaviors like committing suicide. This kind of negative news does cast a shadow on the society. On the other hand, there are groups that oppose the inclusion of mainland Chinese in Hong Kong. Firstly, they state that the mainland Chinese should respect the unique culture of Hong Kong. For example, some of the citizens think that the main language used by Hong Kong people should be Cantonese. Also, they may think that there are some hidden rules which are sometimes broken by the mainland should be kept up, such as queuing, talking softly in public area, and no eating on the train. If many mainland Chinese enters or settles in Hong Kong, they may influence the original culture of Hong Kong and make the society worse as they image. Secondly, Hong Kong is already very crowded that there should not be more people settle down. According to the world record, Mongkok is the most crowded place in the world and its average population density is 130 thousands. The public transports and facilities in Hong Kong are also fully used by the local citizens. If more mainland Chinese settle down here, a lot of place in Hong Kong will become more packed and this will create extra demand of the provision of public transportation. Thirdly, the mainland Chinese will use up the limited resources which originally belong to the local citizens. For instance, the medical services provided for the pregnant woman are limited, as there are limited doctors and bed in the public hospitals. Although the charges of the public medical services for the mainland Chinese are much higher, the mainland Chinese is still willing to give birth in order to enjoy higher service quality and evade the punishment under the one-child policy. Under this circumstance, the doctors will become more stressful and not enough public medical services will be provided to the local women. Some says that, the foreign migrants settled in Hong Kong may also use up the limited resources; however, the population of the China is very large compared to other countries (Li Lok, 2012). If we advocate the inclusion of mainland Chinese in Hong Kong, large amount of the mainland will rush to Hong Kong for varied reasons and the situation will be completely different compared to the case of the foreign migrants. We could find different points of view in the society which have already listed above and it is the government responsibility to balance between the opinions of the citizens for or against the inclusion of mainland Chinese. The most important thing needed to redeem the reputation of Hong Kong is to help the mainland Chinese overcomes their barriers faced in Hong Kong. To deal with the economic barriers, the government should help the mainland Chinese to find jobs with higher income by promoting their competitiveness. To begin with, the government can allocate more resources to the community centers for them to organize language and practical skill workshops which can enrich the abilities of the mainland Chinese so that they can attract the local employers. In addition, the government can take the initiative opening up more positions for the mainland Chinese to apply so that the private firms will follow and this will create job opportunity for them. To solve the social barriers, the government can appoint the school to create a better learning environment for the mainland children by adopting small class teaching of the English lesson or making tutorial class for them. This relies on the extra resources given by the government to help the children enjoy the education more effectively. To deal with the cultural barriers the mainland Chinese faced, the government should force them to abolish their bad customs. Specifically, the government should produce more advertisements about the moral standard of Hong Kong citizens which can be broadcast on TV and radio so that the migrated mainland Chinese will be influenced and follow our practices. Not only the mainland Chinese should be educated, but also the local residents should be inculcated about the equality of people with different cultures. As the economist said, good institutions always align self-interest with the social interest (Cowen Tabarrok, 2011). It is known that globalization encourages the movement of people from their countries of origin to another places. It will become more common that the mainland Chinese settles in Hong Kong as the relationship between Hong Kong and Chinese become closer. Therefore, it is for the social interest that local citizens should accept the existence of mainland Chinese in Hong Kong so that the conflicts in the society will be alleviated. To fulfill this social interest, institutions to the public should be introduced. The government should first strengthen the citizenship education about inclusion of mainland Chinese for the primary and secondary school students as they are the pillar of the society. Then, the government should produce more TV programs and large campaigns to change the whole atmosphere of the society. Actually, there are some programs on the TV promoting equally treatment to the mainland Chinese like ‘Southern and northern’, one of the episode of the program in RTHK talking about the difficulties faced by the migrated Chinese woman in Hong Kong (RTHK, 2011). As citizens in Hong Kong, we must be aware of the existence of mainland Chinese. There are increasing potential that the China will overtake Hong Kong to become a city with high CGDP. There is also globalization encouraging the inflow of mainland Chinese. Inclusion of mainland Chinese is a must in the 21st century and we should confront to the problem existed to alleviate the conflicts in the society. It is found that there are economic, political, social, cultural and environmental barriers faced by the mainland Chinese in Hong Kong. There are also increasing discussion on whether we should advocate the inclusion of them. When it comes to the benefits of the public, the government should act as the lubricant between groups with different opinions and create a harmonious atmosphere. In the coming future, it is possible that there is no discrimination against the mainland Chinese and they may become part of the Hong Kong. Reference: Caritas Hong Kong- Tsuen Wan Community Centre. (1998). The research on the view of the mainland Chinese in Hong Kong by the local citizens. Hong Kong: Tsuen Wan Community Centre. Chang, D. (2007, 12 14). Tin Shui Wai: City of Sadness. Asia Sentinel. Cowen,T., Tabarrok, A. (2011). Modern principle of Economics. Worth Publishers. Hong Kong Government. (1997). The Basic Law. Hong Kong: Hong Kong Government. Hong Kong Government. (2007). The recent employment state of the mainland Chinese in Hong Kong. Hong Kong: Hong Kong Government. Hong Kong Government. (2012, 9 7). Usual Residents Aged 5 and Over by Duration of Residence in Hong Kong, Sex, Nationality and Usual Language, 2011. Retrieved from Population Census 2011: http://www.census2011.gov.hk/en/main-table/F118.html Hospital Authority. (2007). Fees and Charges. Retrieved from Hospital Authority website: http://www.ha.org.hk/visitor/ha_visitor_index.asp?Content_ID=10045Lang=ENGDimension=100Parent_ID=10044Ver=HTML Lee,A., Lo, C. (20 12, 10 6). MTRs new weight limit aimed at mainland traders. South China Morning Post. Li,C., Lok, A. (2012, 2 3). Hong Kong demonstration against mainland Chinese. Epoch Times. Ming Pao. (2011, 5 5). Little cost but large benefit for the mainland woman to give birth in Hong Kong. Ming Pao. Ming Pao. (2011, 10 23). Pregnant women demonstrate against the mainland children born in Hong Kong. Ming Pao. Ming Pao. (2012, 1 19). the local citiznes and mainland Chinese argue in the public hospital. Ming Pao. New Magazine. (2007). Home in Tin Shui Wai. RTHK. (2011). Southern and Northern. RTHK. (2012, 2 9). The confidence to the Hong Kong citizens of the tolerance to the mainland Chinese. RTHK. Society for Community Organization. (2009). Research on rental problem of bedspace apartment and suite. Hong Kong: Society for Community Organization. The Society for Anglo-Chinese Understanding. (2001). History of Hong Kong Special Autonomous Region. Retrieved from The Society for Anglo-Chinese Understanding website: http://www.sacu.org/hongkong.html The United Nation. (1976, 5-6). United Nations Conference on Human Settlements (Habitat II). Retrieved 11 2012, from the United Nations website: http://www.un.org/Conferences/habitat/

Introduction To Mother Dairy

Introduction To Mother Dairy Facility location, also known as location analysis or k center problem, is a branch of operations research and computational geometry concerning itself with mathematical modeling and solution of problems concerning optimal placement of facilities in order to minimize transportation costs, avoid placing hazardous materials near housing, outperform competitors facilities, etc. Although originated from location problems, the study also applies to data clustering, which in turn is related to unsupervised learning, classification, databases, spatial range-searching, data-mining etc. The general facility location problem is: given a set of facility locations and a set of customers who are served from the facilities then: which facilities should be used which customers should be served from which facilities so as to minimise the total cost of serving all the customers. The assignment required an inherent study of various companies in order to develop an intricate understanding of the facility location of the company. The assignment explains the facility location of companies like: Nestle Mother Dairy Mc Donalds INTRODUCTION TO NESTLE Nestlà © S.A. is a Swiss multinational nutritional, snack food, and health-related consumer goods company headquartered in Vevey, Switzerland. It is the largest food company in the world measured by revenues. Nestlà © was formed in 1905 by the merger of the Anglo-Swiss Milk Company, established in 1866 by brothers George Page and Charles Page, and Farine Lactà ©e Henri Nestlà ©, founded in 1866 by Henri Nestlà ©. The company grew significantly during the First World War and again following the Second World War, expanding its offerings beyond its early condensed milk and infant formula products. The company has made a number of corporate acquisitions, including Crosse Blackwell in 1950, Findus in 1963, Libbys in 1971, Rowntree Mackintosh in 1988 and Gerber in 2007. Nestle India Ltd in CP, Delhi The 4 branch offices in the country help in assisting the sales and marketing of its products. They are Nestle Delhi, Mumbai, Chennai and Kolkata. The Nestlà © India head office is located in Gurgaon, Haryana. Nestle India Ltd, is a subsidiary of Nestle Switzerland. The company supplies a number of consumer products with seven factories and large numbers of packers spread across the country. All the products from the company meet international standards and pass all health and safety regulations before they are retailed across the stores. From Maggi or Milkmaid, their products today have become essential in Indian. Nestle in Delhi is situated at CP. FACTORS INFLUENCING FACILITY LOCATION OF NESTLE IN DELHI/NCR REGION Government policy The influence of government policies and programmes on plant location is apparent in every country particularly in planned economies like ours. Nestle being a foreign company has to deal in a number of ways such as Licensing policy, Freight rate policy. Foreign companies are most attracted to situate their plant location in location like Delhi. Nearness to the market Cannaught place being the heart of delhi is well connected to market and is one of the biggest market in India. This nearness to the market reduces the cost of transporting finished goods to the market. Since nestle deals in most of the perishable products or bulky products its servicing units needs to be located near their markets. Competition between states States often compete with each other to attract new industries. Various states offer investment subsidies and sales tax exemptions to new units. The owners of these plants certainly consider incentive in selection of region. INTRODUCTION TO MOTHER DAIRY Mother Dairy was set up in 1974 under the Operation Flood Programme. A wholly owned company of the National Dairy Development Board (NDDB). Mother Dairy manufactures, markets sells milk and milk products under the Mother Dairy brand (Milk, Cultured Products, Ice Creams, Paneer and Ghee), Dhara range of edible oils, Safal range of fresh Fruit vegetables, Frozen Vegetables, Processed Fruit Vegetable Products, Fruit Pulps Concentrates in bulk aseptic packaging and fruit juices at a national level through its sales and distribution networks for marketing food items. Mother Dairy sources significant part of its requirement of liquid milk from dairy cooperatives. Similarly, Mother Dairy sources fruits and vegetables from farmers / growers associations. Mother Dairy also contributes to the cause of oilseeds grower cooperatives that manufacture/ pack the Dhara range of edible oils by undertaking to nationally market all Dhara products. It is Mother Dairys constant endeavor to ensure that milk producers and farmers regularly and continually receive market prices by offering quality milk, milk products and other food products to consumers at competitive prices and uphold institutional structures that empower milk producers and farmers through processes that are equitable. Mother Dairy markets approximatley 3.2 million litres of milk daily in the markets of Delhi, Mumbai, Saurashtra and Hyderabad. Mother Dairy milk has a market share of 66% in the branded sector in Delhi where it sells 2.5 million litres of milk daily and undertakes its marketing operations through around 1400 retail outlets and over 1000 exclusive outlets of Mother Dairy. Safal is the market leader in the organized fruit vegetable retail business in Delhi NCR where it sells an average of 300 MT/day through a network of 350+ exclusive retail outlets under brand name Safal/ Safal Pure Veg, supported by a state-of-the-art large and ultramodern Central Distribution Facility located in Delhi with an annual capacity to handle and process 2,00,000 MT of fresh fruits and vegetables. Safal today operates the largest number of FV Stores in Delhi NCR and has further expansion plans in place. Retail Outlets are also present in Bangalore under the brand name Safal Daily Fresh. FACTORS INFLUENCING FACILITY LOCATION OF MOTHER DAIRY IN DELHI/NCR REGION Availability of raw materials Mother Dairy, Patparganj, Delhi, is presently manufacturing selling around 8.5 lakh litres of tonned milk through bulk vending shops. As manufacturing company requires the raw materials to be converted into finished goods it must be located near the sources of their raw materials. Hence the Partparganj location serves as the main source of supply of various mother dairy products. Availability of power Industries using electricity have to be located at a place where electric power is available regularly and at cheap rates. Power is very essential factor to move the wheels of the industry. Delhi being the capital do not have any shortage of electricity. The electric power is cheaply available in plenty. Availability of labour Labour is an important factor in the production of goods. The development of the plantation industry in india has been mainly due to, among other things, the availability of adequate labour at cheap rates. There is an abundance of skilled labour in location like Delhi. INTRODUCTION TO Mc DONALDS In 1971, Mc Donalds opened its first restaurant in a Sydney suburb called Yagoona. With more than 33,000 locations across the world, McDonalds golden arches are among the most recognizable corporate logos in the world. Millions of people visit the fast food restaurant every day, attracted by convenience, product familiarity, competitive prices and the relative ease of finding a McDonalds location almost anywhere you find yourself. McDonalds began its franchise operations in 1955. For franchise owners, the company has very specific requirements for where a restaurant can be located. FACTORS INFLUENCING FACILITY LOCATION OF Mc DONALDS IN DELHI/NCR REGION Location Requirements The location of each unit is a major element of its potential success. For that reason, the company keeps a close watch on where its stores can be located. The ideal site for a stand-alone restaurant will be 50,000 square feet, although units have been developed on both smaller and larger sites. A corner location with the option to put up signs visible from two major streets is considered optimal, as is a site near a major intersection with traffic signals. Ample parking space is required and must meet all applicable local parking codes. Size and space requirements are adapted for mall and some downtown locations. Other Facility Considerations McDonalds location will have to meet stringent inspections to ensure its food preparation, storage and counter areas are safe, clean and sufficiently large to meet client demand. The seating area is subject to safety and health inspections, and will be reviewed in terms of traffic flow and maximum capacity. Each location is required to have restroom facilities for males and females. Drive-through locations must meet local traffic and safety requirements, including clear markings for drive-through lanes and vehicle size restrictions. Additional space is required for restaurants at which the franchisee wants to have a McDonalds Play Place. Space requirements vary depending on whether the play area is inside or outdoors.